5. Far and Near

100 cm, 200 cm, 400 cm, 500 cm, 700 cm

1 m, 2 m, 4 m, 5 m, 7 m

1 m = 100 cm. So, multiply metres by 100 to get centimetres.

(a) 456 cm < 5 m (5 m = 500 cm)

(b) 55 cm + 200 cm > 200 cm + 54 cm (255 cm > 254 cm)

(c) 6 m 5 cm < 6 m 50 cm

(d) 2 m 150 cm = 3 m 50 cm (both are 350 cm)

(e) 238 cm = 138 cm + 1 m (138 cm + 100 cm = 238 cm)

(a) Statue of Unity − Statue of Liberty = 182 m − 93 m = 89 m

(b) Statue of Liberty (93 m) and The Motherland Calls (91 m). The difference is only 2 m.

(c) Statue of Unity (182 m) and Christ the Redeemer (38 m). The difference is 182 − 38 = 144 m.

(d) 91 m × 2 = 182 m. So, The Motherland Calls statue doubled will be equal to the Statue of Unity.

(a) Example: Nearest location — grocery shop. Farthest location — railway station.

(b) Example: 150 m, 400 m, 800 m, 1,500 m.

(c) Example: The railway station is about 1,500 m away from my home.

3 km = 3,000 m. 3,000 ÷ 500 = 6

6 water stations at 500 m, 1,000 m (1 km), 1,500 m, 2,000 m (2 km), 2,500 m and 3,000 m (3 km, the finish line).

3,000 ÷ 300 = 10

10 children at 300 m, 600 m, 900 m, 1,200 m, 1,500 m, 1,800 m, 2,100 m, 2,400 m, 2,700 m and 3,000 m.

3,000 ÷ 50 = 60 flags

Flags are placed alternately. So, 30 red flags and 30 blue flags are needed.

4,187 km

2,800 km − 983 km = 1,817 km

2,800 km − 2,450 km = 350 km

Guwahati and Dimapur: 556 km − 306 km = 250 km

Bhubaneswar and Jalpaiguri Road: 2,007 km − 983 km = 1,024 km

Bhubaneswar and Jalpaiguri Road are farther apart.

3,675 km − 556 km = 3,119 km

There are 9 small marks between 1 cm and 2 cm. They divide 1 cm into 10 equal parts.

Each part is 1 millimetre. 1 cm = 10 mm.

36 mm = 30 mm + 6 mm = 3 cm 6 mm. Draw 3 cm and 6 small marks more.

67 mm = 60 mm + 7 mm = 6 cm 7 mm. Draw 6 cm and 7 small marks more.

(a) 4 cm 5 mm = 45 mm

(b) 89 mm = 8 cm 9 mm

(c) 234 cm = 2,340 mm

(d) 514 mm = 51 cm 4 mm

(e) 6 m 34 cm = 634 cm

(f) 20 m 12 cm = 2,012 cm

(g) 397 m = 39,700 cm

(h) 5,792 cm = 57 m 92 cm

(i) 9,108 cm = 91 m 8 cm

(j) 34 km = 34,000 m

(k) 6,870 m = 6 km 870 m

(l) 10,552 m = 10 km 552 m

(m) 29 km 30 m = 29,030 m

(n) 32 km 359 m = 32,359 m

3 km + 4 km = 7 km. 450 m + 650 m = 1,100 m = 1 km 100 m.

Total = 7 km + 1 km 100 m = 8 km 100 m

6,300 cm − 1,675 cm = 4,625 cm = 46 m 25 cm

3 m 75 cm + 2 m 25 cm = 5 m 100 cm = 6 m

48 km 700 m − 17 km 900 m = 48,700 m − 17,900 m = 30,800 m = 30 km 800 m

2 km 300 m + 2 km 650 m = 4 km 950 m

(a) 11 mm and 1 cm (10 mm) — Difference: 1 mm

(b) 26 mm and 2 cm (20 mm) — Difference: 6 mm

(c) 20 cm (200 mm) and 201 mm — Difference: 1 mm

(d) 1,020 mm and 1 m (1,000 mm) — Difference: 20 mm

(e) 2 m (200 cm) and 245 cm — Difference: 45 cm

(f) 5,678 m and 6 km (6,000 m) — Difference: 322 m

(g) 6 km 1,480 m (= 7 km 480 m) and 7 km 479 m — Difference: 1 m

20 × 1 m = 20 m and 20 × 80 cm = 1,600 cm = 16 m

Total = 20 m + 16 m = 36 m

Cost of 1 m = ₹100 ÷ 5 = ₹20

5 m → ₹100, 10 m → ₹200, 20 m → ₹400, 40 m → ₹800, 100 m → ₹2,000

For 50 cm border → 1 m thread. So, for 1 m border → 2 m thread.

For 5 m border → 5 × 2 m = 10 m thread

Cost = 10 × ₹50 = ₹500

12 km ÷ 6 = 2 km and 600 m ÷ 6 = 100 m

Road laid each day = 2 km 100 m

A single-storeyed house is about 3 m high. A building with 5 floors is about 5 × 3 m = 15 m high.

I used the height of one floor as the reference.

An electric pole is about 9 to 10 m high. A tree a little taller than the pole is about 12 m high.

I used the electric pole as the reference.

Answers will vary. For a well, we can lower a rope with a small weight until it touches the water and then measure the rope. For a swimming pool, the depth is usually written on its side.

1 inch = 2 cm 5 mm (about). 1 foot = 12 inches or about 30 cm.