Std 5 Mathematics · Chapter 14

14. Pictographs

Solutions to Problem Set 52, with drawn pictographs — reading pictographs, choosing a scale and a symbol. Maharashtra State Board (Balbharati), Grade Five Mathematics, Part Two.

Key Ideas

Pictograph: a table that shows numbers using pictures or icons.

Scale: one picture can stand for several items. Choose a number that divides all the given numbers exactly (a common factor), so that no part-pictures are needed.

Steps: study the data → find the factors of the numbers → choose a scale → choose a symbol → make the columns → write the scale below the pictograph.

Reading a Pictograph: The Cricket Table

AAnswer the following questions by referring to the bowling table (Scale: 1 picture = 1 over of 6 balls).

About how many bowlers does the table give information? 3 bowlers — Chandrakant, Ramakant and Ahmed.
Who gave away the most runs? Ramakant — 20 runs.
How many overs did Chandrakant bowl? 4 overs (4 pictures).
How many wickets did Ramakant take? No wickets (0) — the table shows a dash.
How many balls did Ahmed bowl? 3 overs × 6 balls = 18 balls.
How many runs did Chandrakant give? 18 runs.
How many overs were bowled altogether? 4 + 2 + 3 = 9 overs.
Who gave away the least runs per over? Chandrakant: 18 ÷ 4 = 4½; Ramakant: 20 ÷ 2 = 10; Ahmed: 12 ÷ 3 = 4. Ahmed gave the least runs per over.

Problem Set 52

1Stocks of various types of grains stored in a warehouse are as given below. Make a pictograph based on the information given.

Choosing the scale: 40, 56, 8 and 32 are all divisible by 8. So 1 picture = 8 sacks, and bajra (8 sacks) needs exactly 1 picture.

Grain	Sacks	Pictures
Rice		40 ÷ 8 = 5
Wheat		56 ÷ 8 = 7
Bajra		8 ÷ 8 = 1
Jowar		32 ÷ 8 = 4

Scale: 1 picture = 8 sacks

2Information about the various types of vehicles in Wadgaon is given below. Make a pictograph for this data.

Choosing the scale: 84, 60, 24, 12 and 24 are all divisible by 12 (and also by 2, 3, 4 and 6). The biggest common factor, 12, gives the fewest pictures, so 1 picture = 12 vehicles.

Type of vehicle	Number of vehicles	Pictures
Bicycles		84 ÷ 12 = 7
Automatic two-wheelers		60 ÷ 12 = 5
Four-wheelers (cars/jeeps)		24 ÷ 12 = 2
Heavy vehicles (truck, bus, etc.)		12 ÷ 12 = 1
Tractors		24 ÷ 12 = 2

Scale: 1 picture = 12 vehicles

3The numbers of the various books kept in a cupboard in the school library are given below. Make a pictograph showing the information given.

Choosing the scale: 28, 14, 21, 35 and 7 are all multiples of 7. So 1 picture = 7 books.

Type of book	Number of books	Pictures
Science		28 ÷ 7 = 4
Sports		14 ÷ 7 = 2
Poetry		21 ÷ 7 = 3
Literature		35 ÷ 7 = 5
History		7 ÷ 7 = 1

Scale: 1 picture = 7 books

Any common factor can be used as the scale (for example 4 or 2 in Q2), but a larger scale keeps the pictograph short and easy to read. You may use any suitable symbol, such as a cycle for vehicles or a book for books.

Activity

ACollect information and make pictographs: (1) crops grown on students’ farms, (2) storybooks your classmates like, (3) what your classmates want to be when they grow up.

This is a class survey, so the numbers will be different for every class. Here is a sample for (3), from a class of 40 students:

Want to be	Number of students	Pictures
Doctor		12 ÷ 2 = 6
Teacher		8 ÷ 2 = 4
Farmer		4 ÷ 2 = 2
Engineer		6 ÷ 2 = 3
Officer		10 ÷ 2 = 5

Scale: 1 picture = 2 students

12, 8, 4, 6 and 10 are all even, so a scale of 1 picture = 2 students is used. Make pictographs for (1) and (2) in the same way from your own survey.

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