4. Fundamental Rights – Part I
Complete solutions to the Exercise. Maharashtra State Board (Balbharati), Grade Seven History and Civics.
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Exercise
(1) What do you understand by 'fundamental rights'?
Every newborn baby has a right to live, and we get these basic rights at birth. Demanding one's rights means insisting on an atmosphere that is conducive to the development of the self as well as the entire society. The Indian Constitution has guaranteed equal rights to all citizens to create this conducive atmosphere; these rights are known as fundamental rights. Since they are firmly included in the Constitution, they hold the status of law, and it is imperative for everybody to abide by them.
(2) Name the awards that are conferred by the Government upon people for their distinguished contribution in different fields.
The Government confers prestigious civilian awards like Padmashree, Padmabhushan, and Padmavibhushan upon people for their distinguished contributions in different fields, with Bharat Ratna being the greatest civilian honour of our country. Additionally, medals of honour like Paramveer Chakra, Ashok Chakra, and Shaurya Chakra are awarded for remarkable and brave service in the armed forces.
(3) Why is it prohibited to employ children under 14 years of age in hazardous places?
The Constitution has enacted a special provision to prevent the exploitation of children under the fundamental Right against Exploitation. Accordingly, to protect young children from severe physical harm, oppression, and dangerous working conditions, it is strictly prohibited to employ children under 14 years of age in hazardous places such as factories and mines.
(4) Why has the Constitution given equal rights to all Indian citizens?
Only when all individuals get equal protection from injustice, exploitation, discrimination, and deprivation, will they truly be able to develop their skills and natural qualities. Therefore, in order to create a highly conducive and fair atmosphere for the development of both the individual self and the entire society, the Indian Constitution has guaranteed equal rights to all its citizens.
This is a creative drawing activity for the classroom. Students should prepare a sequential picture strip illustrating various aspects of the Right to Liberty, such as a person freely expressing an opinion, traveling across India, or practicing a lawful profession.
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(1) No one gets rights at birth.
Corrected Sentence: We get rights at birth; every newborn baby has a right to live.
(2) Government can deprive you of a job by discriminating on the basis of religion, sex, place of birth.
Corrected Sentence: The State cannot discriminate against any citizen on grounds of religion, caste, race, sex, descent, or place of birth or residence for government employment.
The Right to Liberty guarantees the freedom of speech, freedom of movement, freedom of profession, freedom to assemble peaceably, freedom to form associations or unions, and freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.
The Activities (collecting news clippings about important rights like the right to information and right to education, and presenting problems of child labor in your class) are practical and awareness-building assignments. Students should gather newspaper articles and discuss them with their teacher and classmates.