3. Religious Synthesis
Complete solutions to the Exercise. Maharashtra State Board (Balbharati), Grade Seven History and Civics.
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Exercise
- (1) Mahatma Basaveshwar : Karnataka :: Sant Meerabai : Rajasthan (Mewad)
- (2) Ramananda : North India :: Chaitanya Maha Prabhu : Bengal
- (3) Shri Chakradhar : Maharashtra :: Shankaradeva : Assam
| Movement / Panth | Prominent People | Important Works / Compositions |
|---|---|---|
| (1) Bhakti movement | Ramanuja, Sant Ramanand, Sant Kabir, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Shankaradeva, Narsi Mehta, Sant Mirabai, Sant Sena, Sant Rohidas, Surdasa, Raskhan, Sant Tulshidas, Mahatma Basaveshwar, Pamp, Purandardasa | 'Sursagar' (Surdasa), 'Ramcharita-Manasa' (Tulshidas), 'Vachana' literature (Mahatma Basaveshwar) |
| (2) Mahanubhav Panth | Chakradhar Swami, Shri Govind Prabhu, Mhaimbhat, Mahadamba, Keshobas, Damodar Pandit, Bhaskarbhat Borikar, Narendra | 'Leelacharitra' (Mhaimbhat), 'Dhavale' (Mahadamba), 'Sutrapath and Drishtantapath' (Keshobas), 'Vacchaharan' (Damodar Pandit), 'Shishupalvadha' (Bhaskarbhat Borikar), 'Rukmini Swayamvara' (Narendra) |
| (3) Sikhism | Guru Nanak (founder and 1st Guru), Guru Gobindsingh (10th Guru), and the other eight Gurus | 'Aadigrantha' or 'Guru Granth Sahib' |
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(1) Sant Kabir became a renowned Sant in the Bhakti movement.
Sant Kabir is a highly respected figure in the Bhakti movement. For him, Truth was God, and he did not attach any importance to places of pilgrimage, vratas, or idol worship. He believed that all human beings are equal and strongly rejected differences based on caste, creed, sect, and religion. Working actively for Hindu-Muslim unity, he criticized the extremely orthodox people in both religions in strong terms.
(2) The impact of Mahatma Basaveshwar's work on society.
In Karnataka, Mahatma Basaveshwar spread the Lingayat stream of thought. He strongly opposed the caste system and stressed the dignity of labour, famously saying 'Kayakave Kailas' (Work is Kailas/Worship). He encouraged women to participate in his movement, allowing men and women of all castes to take part in religious discussions in the hall known as 'Anubhava Mantapa'. By conveying his teachings in the common people's language, Kannada, through his 'Vachana' literature, his work created a deep and lasting impact on society.
- (1) G _ _ _ G _ _ _ _ _ s _ _ _ _ — Guru Gobindsingh
- (2) S _ _ d _ _ _ — Surdasa
- (3) G _ _ _ N _ _ _ _ — Guru Nanak
- (4) M _ _ _ _ _ h S _ _ _ _ — Manmath Swami
- (5) M _ _ _ b _ _ — Mirabai
- (6) R _ _ _ n _ _ _ _ — Ramananda
- (7) K _ _ _ r — Kabir
- (8) P _ _ p — Pamp
- (9) P _ _ _ _ _ a _ d _ _ _ — Purandardasa
The Activity (obtaining a devotional song in the tradition of Sufi music and presenting it in a cultural programme) is a practical project. Students should search for a traditional Sufi Qawwali or song and present it at a school event.